Boundary issues have always been a key focus in India-China relations. Highlighting the roles of history, policy, and diplomacy, this book traces the origins and development of the boundary problem during the British Raj. A.G. Noorani explains how British efforts to define a boundary in the western sector began immediately after the creation of Jammu & Kashmir in 1846. In contrast, in the eastern sector, such efforts only started sixty-five years later, amid perceived Chinese threats. Analyzing the roles of bureaucracy and diplomatic negotiations, the author offers a nuanced view of treaties, conventions, and internal debates among British officials with conflicting policies. Breaking new ground, this book evaluates the importance of the Indian Independence Act, 1947, and shows how diplomatic developments over the past century influenced the boundary issues between India and China, which eventually escalated into the dispute of 1959. The central argument is that history played a direct role in shaping effective policy. Based on archival research and unpublished sources, this volume includes twenty-two appendices and fourteen maps to offer a unique perspective on a long-standing problem.

This study examines the complex role of media in facilitating dialogical learning for high school students in Grades XI and XII, revealing its potential to enhance both academic and social competencies. Social media, in particular, helps bridge formal and informal learning contexts, supporting student interest and group collaboration. However, potential drawbacks include issues such as distraction, reduced productivity, and risks to mental well-being. The findings indicate that, with careful integration, media can support dialogical learning, enriching students’ critical thinking, resource accessibility, and dialogical engagement. This balance between traditional methods and media tools ultimately contributes to a dynamic, interaction-driven educational experience that enhances both academic understanding and social skills.

The upcoming period of rapid digital transformation, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a powerful force reshaping economies, societies, and individual life. In the context of contemporary India, where gender disparities persist in education, healthcare, employment, and safety, AI presents an opportunity to bridge these gaps and catalyze the empowerment of women. This research explores the multidimensions of AI technologies in advancing women's development in India. Artificial intelligence driven solutions are rapidly expanding being integrated into many sectors, from personalized learning platforms and virtual health assistants to entrepreneurial tools and safety applications. These technologies are especially transformative for women in rural and underserved regions who have historically faced systemic barriers to accessing basic services. For example, artificial intelligence based educational apps are offering content to individual learning needs, thus enabling women and girls to overcome constraints such as lack of access to schools or traditional classrooms. Similarly, AI-enabled telemedicine platforms and Catboats are bridging the healthcare divide by offering medical advice, mental health support, and reproductive health education, often in regional languages and with cultural sensitivity. Entrepreneurship is another area where Artificial intelligence is opening new doors for women. Intelligent business analytics tools, voice-based accounting systems, and Artificial intelligence led market insights are enabling women entrepreneurs to start and scale businesses with greater confidence and efficiency. Furthermore, AI-powered digital platforms are providing targeted skill development opportunities, which are crucial for enabling women's participation in the future, job market. Government initiatives such as Digital India and partnerships with private tech firms have also supported women's access to AI tools and digital literacy programs, gradually reshaping the employment landscape. However, despite these promising developments, several challenges hinder the inclusive adoption of AI for women. A significant digital divide still exists, with many women lacking access to smartphones, internet connectivity, and digital literacy. Moreover, the issues of algorithmic bias where AI systems unintentionally reinforce gender stereotypes or exclude female data-poses serious ethical and social concerns. There is also a lack of representation of women in AI research and development roles, which further limits the creation of inclusive technologies. This paper adopts a multidisciplinary approach, combining secondary research, case studies, and expert insights to examine how AI can be strategically utilized to promote gender equity. The study outlines key objectives such as analyzing the impact of AI on women’s access to essential services, identifying barriers, and proposing policy recommendations.The research hypothesizes that while AI has the potential to significantly empower women in India; this potential can only be realized through targeted interventions, inclusive design practices, and collaborative governance involving policymakers, technologists, and civil society. AI is not just a technological tool it is a socio-economic catalyst that, if harnessed responsibly, can play a pivotal role in empowering women and building a more inclusive and equitable India. The paper argues for a holistic framework that integrates AI into the broader agenda of women’s development, ensuring that no woman is left behind in India’s digital future.

Education is a powerful tool that is carefully and efficiently crafted influence exercised by a matured person (teacher) to the immature student by teaching and correction. It covers the overall development of human being like aesthetic, emotional, intellectual, physical, social, and spiritual. The role of a teacher in nation-building demands them to fulfill their role with a sense of devotion and dedication towards Internationalization of Education. The role of a teacher is significant and unavoidable in shaping the future of the students and through them the destiny of the nation. Competence in teaching involves presentation skills as well as adequate knowledge and a high level of conceptualizations. Self-efficacy of a teacher is a strong trust and belief in the teacher’s proficiency in executing the control over other’s behavior, emotions, passions, intellectual, and thinking over the social and personal background. An effective and potential teacher with efficacy has faith in his capability to create a remarkable change in the students’ thought process and executes the teachings according to the strong belief. Consequently, a teacher with self-efficacy attains the anticipated learning outcomes and transforming internationalization of education. This study observed that self-efficacy influences in transforming the teaching competency of Prospective teachers on Internationalization of Education. There is a significant factor with positive loading of the variables. The factor for the study has been identified as Human Class Management. It is included the Human Relations Skill, Presentation of subject matter, and Classroom management at international level. The findings of the present study will help the Prospective teachers to identify their teaching competency on transforming internationalization of education. This will lead them to enhance their students’ capability by giving proper motivation, intellectual development, efficacy, and a learning environment with teaching potentiality.

Artificial intelligence’s application in education is radically changing the landscape of learning, research, and administrative functions. This research holds examination of historical evolution, present applications, and future course of AI in education while focusing mostly on students' and teachers' perceptions. In a systematic questionnaire-based approach, the research attempted to examine AI utility, perceptions regarding the implementation, ethical challenges, and the felt impact on academic productivity. This study indicated the requirement of a strong support for AI literacy in higher education to prepare students and teachers for AI-ready workplace.

The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 was introduced as a landmark reform in India’s education sector, aimed at transforming the nation into a global knowledge superpower. A cornerstone of this transformation is the policy’s strong emphasis on the internationalization of education. This paper critically examined the implications, execution, and outcomes of internationalization efforts under NEP 2020. Through a mixed-methods approach that incorporated primary data via structured questionnaires and secondary data from institutional reports and NEP documentation, the research assessed institutional readiness, foreign collaborations, faculty exchange programs, and student mobility. Case studies from five prominent Indian institutions provided insights into the varying degrees of engagement and success in implementing international initiatives. The findings highlighted a positive trend toward academic globalization, particularly among private and autonomous institutions. However, notable challenges—such as regulatory complexities, lack of trained personnel, and financial limitations—were identified. The study concluded that while NEP 2020 has set a progressive trajectory, continued investments in infrastructure, policy refinement, and equitable access will be vital to sustaining and scaling internationalization. Recommendations were proposed to bridge the urban-rural divide in educational opportunities and to position India as a preferred international education destination.

This study glances at the Maharashtra State Archives in Mumbai's existing archive management and preservation situation as well as the possible ways artificial intelligence (AI) may improve archival procedures. According to the report, the Maharashtra State Archives in Mumbai have a wealth of historical documents, but they also suffer difficulties with accessibility, preservation, and discovery. The study offers suggestions for putting AI-powered solutions into practice and implies that archival management and preservation might be enhanced by utilizing AI-powered tools and procedures.